Citation: Lu Wang, Xiaoqing Zeng, Zida Wang, Ling Fang, Jia Liu. Recent advances in understanding T cell activation and exhaustion during HBV infection .VIROLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 38(6) : 851-859.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virs.2023.10.007

Recent advances in understanding T cell activation and exhaustion during HBV infection

  • Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health concern globally, and T cell responses are widely believed to play a pivotal role in mediating HBV clearance. Accordingly, research on the characteristics of HBV-specific T cell responses, from activation to exhaustion, has advanced rapidly. Here, we summarize recent developments in characterizing T cell immunity in HBV infection by reviewing basic and clinical research published in the last five years. We provide a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms that induce effective anti-HBV T cell immunity, as well as the latest developments in understanding T cell dysfunction in chronic HBV infection. Furthermore, we briefly discuss current novel treatment strategies aimed at restoring anti-HBV T cell responses.

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    Recent advances in understanding T cell activation and exhaustion during HBV infection

      Corresponding author: Ling Fang, 287812165@qq.com
      Corresponding author: Jia Liu, jialiu77@hust.edu.cn
    • a. Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China;
    • b. Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China;
    • c. Central Sterile Supply Department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China

    Abstract: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major public health concern globally, and T cell responses are widely believed to play a pivotal role in mediating HBV clearance. Accordingly, research on the characteristics of HBV-specific T cell responses, from activation to exhaustion, has advanced rapidly. Here, we summarize recent developments in characterizing T cell immunity in HBV infection by reviewing basic and clinical research published in the last five years. We provide a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms that induce effective anti-HBV T cell immunity, as well as the latest developments in understanding T cell dysfunction in chronic HBV infection. Furthermore, we briefly discuss current novel treatment strategies aimed at restoring anti-HBV T cell responses.

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